স্ট্রিং এবং ফরম্যাটিং (Strings & Formatting)

# Different ways to create strings
greeting = "Hello, World!"
name = 'Anika'

# Triple quotes for multi-line strings
poem = """Roses are red,
Violets are blue,
Python is awesome,
And so are you."""
print(poem)

# Strings with quotes inside
dialogue = "She said, 'Let's go!'"
print(dialogue)

# String length
print(len(greeting))

Roses are red,
Violets are blue,
Python is awesome,
And so are you.
She said, 'Let's go!'
13

word = "PYTHON"
#        P  Y  T  H  O  N
#        0  1  2  3  4  5
#       -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

print(word[0])       # First character
print(word[-1])      # Last character
print(word[1:4])     # Characters 1, 2, 3 (not 4!)
print(word[:3])      # First 3 characters
print(word[3:])      # From index 3 to the end
print(word[::2])     # Every other character
print(word[::-1])    # Reversed!

P
N
YTH
PYT
HON
PTO
NOHTYP

name = "Laboni"
age = 12
height = 4.8333

# Basic f-string
print(f"Hi, I'm {name} and I'm {age} years old!")

# Math inside f-strings
print(f"Next year I'll be {age + 1}")

# Formatting numbers
print(f"Height: {height:.1f} feet")      # 1 decimal place
print(f"Score: {42:05d}")                # Pad with zeros
print(f"Price: ${19.9:.2f}")             # 2 decimal places

# Expressions inside f-strings
items = ["sword", "shield", "potion"]
print(f"You have {len(items)} items")

Hi, I'm Laboni and I'm 12 years old!
Next year I'll be 13
Height: 4.8 feet
Score: 00042
Price: $19.90
You have 3 items

msg = "  Hello, Python World!  "

print(msg.strip())             # Remove leading/trailing spaces
print(msg.lower())             # All lowercase
print(msg.upper())             # ALL CAPS
print(msg.strip().replace("World", "Galaxy"))

# Splitting and joining
csv_line = "আম,জাম,কাঁঠাল"
fruits = csv_line.split(",")   # Split into a list
print(fruits)
print(" & ".join(fruits))      # Join list back into a string

# Searching
story = "The cat sat on the mat"
print(story.count("at"))       # How many times?
print(story.find("sat"))       # Index where it starts
print(story.startswith("The")) # True or False?
print("cat" in story)          # Membership check

Hello, Python World!
  hello, python world!  
  HELLO, PYTHON WORLD!  
Hello, Python Galaxy!
['আম', 'জাম', 'কাঁঠাল']
apple & জাম & কাঁঠাল
3
8
True
True